Factor 2 Introduced - Revision history

Flc: /* Factor 2 Labeled With a Number */

2026-02-22T17:42:05Z

Factor 2 Labeled With a Number

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:42, 22 February 2026
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	=Factor 2 Labeled With a Number=		=Factor 2 Labeled With a Number=
	As with the three other factors, Factor 2 measures drives, behavior, and motivation with opposite meanings. Look at the extremes of Factor 1: on the low end, it means being ~~submissive~~, and on the high end, being ~~belligerent~~.		As with the three other factors, Factor 2 measures drives, behavior, and motivation with opposite meanings. Look at the extremes of Factor 2: on the low end, it means being extremely remote, and on the high end, being highly persuasive.

	Giving a neutral label like "1" and learning its meaning and use along the continuum has proven more effective than speaking only about the meaning of one side of the continuum with a label that’s already biased by idiosyncratic connotations, as traits do, while ignoring or being vague about the other side of the spectrum.		Giving a neutral label like "2" and learning its meaning and use along the continuum has proven more effective than speaking only about the meaning of one side of the continuum with a label that’s already biased by idiosyncratic connotations, as traits do, while ignoring or being vague about the other side of the spectrum.

	Once learned, ~~using~~ Factor 1 as low or high at different intensity levels facilitates its use at the individual, job, and organizational levels for comparisons and better-quality deductions. It also facilitates comparisons between factors, an aspect that adds critical nuance to the behaviors inferred from the profiles.		Once learned, speaking about Factor 2 as low or high at different intensity levels facilitates its use at the individual, job, and organizational levels for comparisons and better-quality deductions. It also facilitates comparisons between factors, an aspect that adds critical nuance to the behaviors inferred from the profiles.

	=Factor 2 Low=		=Factor 2 Low=

Flc: /* Factor 2 Labeled With a Number */

2026-02-22T17:38:41Z

Factor 2 Labeled With a Number

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:38, 22 February 2026
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	=Factor 2 Labeled With a Number=		=Factor 2 Labeled With a Number=
	As with the three other factors, Factor 2 measures drives, behavior, and motivation with opposite meanings. Look at the extremes of Factor 2: on the low end it means being ~~extremely remote~~, and on the high end, being ~~highly persuasive~~.		As with the three other factors, Factor 2 measures drives, behavior, and motivation with opposite meanings. Look at the extremes of Factor 1: on the low end, it means being submissive, and on the high end, being belligerent.
	Giving a neutral label like "2" and learning ~~the~~ meaning and use ~~of it~~ along the continuum ~~proves to be~~ more ~~efficient~~ than speaking about the meaning of ~~what it is on~~ one side of the continuum ~~only~~, ~~which is what~~ traits do, ~~but~~ ignoring or being vague about the other side of the spectrum.
			Giving a neutral label like "1" and learning its meaning and use along the continuum has proven more effective than speaking only about the meaning of one side of the continuum with a label that’s already biased by idiosyncratic connotations, as traits do, while ignoring or being vague about the other side of the spectrum.

			Once learned, using Factor 1 as low or high at different intensity levels facilitates its use at the individual, job, and organizational levels for comparisons and better-quality deductions. It also facilitates comparisons between factors, an aspect that adds critical nuance to the behaviors inferred from the profiles.

	=Factor 2 Low=		=Factor 2 Low=

Flc: /* Factor 2 at an Organizational Level */

2026-02-22T01:46:20Z

Factor 2 at an Organizational Level

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:46, 22 February 2026
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	Typical organizations in Group 2 are sales and client service, whose main characteristic include attentiveness to customers, focus on top-line growth, long-term growth planning, commitment to continuous re-alignment, as well as living with change, parochial and opportunistic growth orientation<ref>Cameron, K. S., Quinn, R. E., DeGraff, J., Thakor, A. V. (2006). Competing Values Leadership. Creating Value in Organizations. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.</ref>.		Typical organizations in Group 2 are sales and client service, whose main characteristic include attentiveness to customers, focus on top-line growth, long-term growth planning, commitment to continuous re-alignment, as well as living with change, parochial and opportunistic growth orientation<ref>Cameron, K. S., Quinn, R. E., DeGraff, J., Thakor, A. V. (2006). Competing Values Leadership. Creating Value in Organizations. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.</ref>.

	Please note that this typological representation is effective for analyzing an organization’s dynamics. But it is invalid for understanding a person’s natural ways of acting, adapting, engaging, and growing in context. For the ~~latest~~, the person’s adaptive profile will be needed.		Please note that this typological representation is effective for analyzing an organization’s dynamics. But it is invalid for understanding a person’s natural ways of acting, adapting, engaging, and growing in context. For the latter, the person’s adaptive profile will be needed.

	=Adapting Factor 2=		=Adapting Factor 2=

Flc: /* Factor 2 in Personality Research */

2026-02-21T23:30:03Z

Factor 2 in Personality Research

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:30, 21 February 2026
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	=Factor 2 in Personality Research=		=Factor 2 in Personality Research=
	Contrary to a High 2, who is naturally associated with positive affectivity (see below for details about the High 2), a Low 2 is associated with negative emotions and inclinations to factual, direct, and tense social interactions. In the approach left-brain/right-brain found in organizational development, those managing from their left-brain are involved in planning, data processing, and connecting the logic, like do Low 2s, as opposed to those who manage from their right-brain with intuition and in a holistic way, as done by High 2s.		Contrary to a High 2, who is naturally associated with positive affectivity<ref>Emmons, R. A., Diener, E. (1986). Influence of impulsivity and sociability on subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 1211-1215.</ref> (see below for details about the High 2), a Low 2 is associated with negative emotions and inclinations to factual, direct, and tense social interactions<ref>Perrewé P. L., Spector P. E. (2002). Personality Research in the Organizational Sciences, Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, Vol. 21, pp.1-63.<br/>Weiss, H. M. (2002) Deconstructing job satisfaction: Separating evaluations, beliefs and affective experiences. Human Resources Management Review, 12, 173-194.</ref>. In the approach left-brain/right-brain found in organizational development, those managing from their left-brain are involved in planning, data processing, and connecting the logic, like do Low 2s, as opposed to those who manage from their right-brain with intuition and in a holistic way, as done by High 2s<ref>Mintzberg H. (1989). Mintzberg on Management. Inside Our Strange World of Organization, The Free Press, New York.</ref>.

	A high 2 is found in the Extraversion dimension of the Big Five model, which demonstrates positive effects on group performance when its value is high (extravert) rather than low (introvert). A high 2 goes along with extraversion, defined as the capacity to act positively in situations that offer opportunities to interact with others rather than staying alone. A meta-analysis on 15 studies shows a positive relation with performance in positions such as sales and coaching, which require ease with frequent social interactions, as shown by High 2s.		A high 2 is found in the Extraversion dimension of the Big Five model, which demonstrates positive effects on group performance when its value is high (extravert) rather than low (introvert)<ref>Barry, B., Stewart, G. L. (1997). Composition, process, and performance in self-managed groups: the role of personality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 62-78.</ref>. A high 2 goes along with extraversion, defined as the capacity to act positively in situations that offer opportunities to interact with others rather than staying alone<ref> Ibid, Lucas R. E., Diener E., Grob A., Suh E. M., Shao L. (2000).</ref>. A meta-analysis on 15 studies shows a positive relation with performance in positions such as sales and coaching, which require ease with frequent social interactions, as shown by High 2s<ref>Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., Judge, T. A. (2001). Personality and Performance at the beginning of the new millennium: What do we know and where do we go next? Personality and Performance, 9, 9-30.</ref>.

	~~Sociability~~, ~~as in a high 2~~, ~~is involved in numerous situations such as those requiring transformational leadership~~, ~~or job searching~~. ~~The natural ability of sociable individuals to engage in interpersonal activities is valuable for receiving support from coworkers~~. ~~Their capacity to speak easily in public~~ and ~~their empathy come along with their optimism and receptiveness to~~ the ~~emotions~~ of ~~others~~.

			Sociability, as in a high 2, is involved in numerous situations such as those requiring transformational leadership<ref> Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E. (2000). Five-factor model of personality and transformational leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 751-765.</ref>, or job searching<ref> Boudreau, J. W., Boswell, W. R., Judge, T. A., Bretz, R. D. Jr. (2001). Personality and cognitive ability as predictors of job search among employed managers. Personnel Psychology, 54, 25-50.</ref>. The natural ability of sociable individuals to engage in interpersonal activities is valuable for receiving support from coworkers. Their capacity to speak easily in public and their empathy come along with their optimism<ref>Zellars, K. L., Perrewé, P. L. (2001). Affective personality and the content of emotional social support: Coping in organizations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 459-467.</ref> and receptiveness to the emotions of others<ref> Tantam, D. (2003). The flavor of Emotions. Psychology and Psychotherapy. Vol. 76, pp. 23-45.</ref>.

	=Notes=		=Notes=

Flc: /* Analytical vs Introvert */

2026-02-21T23:23:28Z

Analytical vs Introvert

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	Being analytical comes at the other extreme of being social in factor 2. It needs to be differentiated from introversion in the same way as extraversion and sociability are different.		Being analytical comes at the other extreme of being social in factor 2. It needs to be differentiated from introversion in the same way as extraversion and sociability are different.

	Introversion and extroversion, as studied by Pavot et al., show that both introverts and extraverts benefit from social interactions. Extraverts do not spend more time in social situations than introverts, and report even more pleasant affect when alone.		Introversion and extroversion, as studied by Pavot et al., show that both introverts and extraverts benefit from social interactions<ref>Pavot W., Diener, E. & Fujita, F. (1990). Extraversion and hapiness. Personality and individual Differences, 11, 1299-1306.</ref>. Extraverts do not spend more time in social situations than introverts, and report even more pleasant affect when alone.

	=Factor 2 in Personality Research=		=Factor 2 in Personality Research=

Flc: /* Sociable vs Extravert */

2026-02-21T23:22:43Z

Sociable vs Extravert

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:22, 21 February 2026
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	* Ambition: valuing achievement and endurance.		* Ambition: valuing achievement and endurance.

	The venturesome, ambitious, and ascendant facets of extraversion are included in the high 1 factor. The energy facet goes with the low 3. Sociability refers to individual differences in the enjoyment of social activities and the preference for being with others over being alone, which is a closer definition than the one given above for a factor 2 being high. A High 1 and Low 3, but with a low 2, will qualify for extraversion, but with the absence of sociability. The same characteristics of a High 1 and Low 3, but with a high 2, will bring the sociability facet into extraversion<ref>Watson, D., Clark, L. A. (1997). Extraversion and its positive emotional core. (In R. Hogan, J. Johnson, & S. Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality psychology (pp. 767-793). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.)</ref>.		The venturesome, ambitious, and ascendant facets of extraversion are included in the high 1 factor. The energy facet goes with the low 3. Sociability refers to individual differences in the enjoyment of social activities and the preference for being with others over being alone<ref>Lucas R. E., Diener E., Grob A., Suh E. M., Shao L. (2000). Cross-Cultural Evidence for the Fundamental Features of Extraversion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol. 79, No. 3, p. 452-468.</ref>, which is a closer definition than the one given above for a factor 2 being high. A High 1 and Low 3, but with a low 2, will qualify for extraversion, but with the absence of sociability. The same characteristics of a High 1 and Low 3, but with a high 2, will bring the sociability facet into extraversion<ref>Watson, D., Clark, L. A. (1997). Extraversion and its positive emotional core. (In R. Hogan, J. Johnson, & S. Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality psychology (pp. 767-793). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.)</ref>.

	=Analytical vs Introvert=		=Analytical vs Introvert=

Flc: /* Factor 2 in Personality Research */

2026-02-21T23:17:06Z

Factor 2 in Personality Research

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:17, 21 February 2026
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	Sociability, as in a high 2, is involved in numerous situations such as those requiring transformational leadership, or job searching. The natural ability of sociable individuals to engage in interpersonal activities is valuable for receiving support from coworkers. Their capacity to speak easily in public and their empathy come along with their optimism and receptiveness to the emotions of others.		Sociability, as in a high 2, is involved in numerous situations such as those requiring transformational leadership, or job searching. The natural ability of sociable individuals to engage in interpersonal activities is valuable for receiving support from coworkers. Their capacity to speak easily in public and their empathy come along with their optimism and receptiveness to the emotions of others.


			=Notes=

			[[Category:Articles]]
			[[Category:Assessment]]

Flc: /* Sociable vs Extravert */

2026-02-21T23:16:50Z

Sociable vs Extravert

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:16, 21 February 2026
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	* Ambition: valuing achievement and endurance.		* Ambition: valuing achievement and endurance.

	The venturesome, ambitious, and ascendant facets of extraversion are included in the high 1 factor. The energy facet goes with the low 3. Sociability refers to individual differences in the enjoyment of social activities and the preference for being with others over being alone, which is a closer definition than the one given above for a factor 2 being high. A High 1 and Low 3, but with a low 2, will qualify for extraversion, but with the absence of sociability. The same characteristics of a High 1 and Low 3, but with a high 2, will bring the sociability facet into extraversion.		The venturesome, ambitious, and ascendant facets of extraversion are included in the high 1 factor. The energy facet goes with the low 3. Sociability refers to individual differences in the enjoyment of social activities and the preference for being with others over being alone, which is a closer definition than the one given above for a factor 2 being high. A High 1 and Low 3, but with a low 2, will qualify for extraversion, but with the absence of sociability. The same characteristics of a High 1 and Low 3, but with a high 2, will bring the sociability facet into extraversion<ref>Watson, D., Clark, L. A. (1997). Extraversion and its positive emotional core. (In R. Hogan, J. Johnson, & S. Briggs (Eds.), Handbook of personality psychology (pp. 767-793). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.)</ref>.

	=Analytical vs Introvert=		=Analytical vs Introvert=

Flc: /* Factor 2 at an Organizational Level */

2026-02-21T23:14:04Z

Factor 2 at an Organizational Level

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:14, 21 February 2026
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	Since an organization’s dynamics are typically explained in a flat two-dimensional 2x2 matrix, which is the easiest to understand and use, rather than a too-abstract four-dimensional space, only the high side of Factor 2 is used in this representation. The grid includes all possible combinations of the four factors, totaling 24, which helps regroup all of an organization’s individual profiles. The high 2-quadrant on the top-right, which regroups profiles with a factor 2 higher than all other factors, is called Group 2. All other aspects of the low 2 will appear at varying degrees of intensity in the three other quadrants, as shown in the illustration on the right.		Since an organization’s dynamics are typically explained in a flat two-dimensional 2x2 matrix, which is the easiest to understand and use, rather than a too-abstract four-dimensional space, only the high side of Factor 2 is used in this representation. The grid includes all possible combinations of the four factors, totaling 24, which helps regroup all of an organization’s individual profiles. The high 2-quadrant on the top-right, which regroups profiles with a factor 2 higher than all other factors, is called Group 2. All other aspects of the low 2 will appear at varying degrees of intensity in the three other quadrants, as shown in the illustration on the right.

	Typical organizations in Group 2 are sales and client service, whose main characteristic include attentiveness to customers, focus on top-line growth, long-term growth planning, commitment to continuous re-alignment, as well as living with change, parochial and opportunistic growth orientation.		Typical organizations in Group 2 are sales and client service, whose main characteristic include attentiveness to customers, focus on top-line growth, long-term growth planning, commitment to continuous re-alignment, as well as living with change, parochial and opportunistic growth orientation<ref>Cameron, K. S., Quinn, R. E., DeGraff, J., Thakor, A. V. (2006). Competing Values Leadership. Creating Value in Organizations. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.</ref>.

	Please note that this typological representation is effective for analyzing an organization’s dynamics. But it is invalid for understanding a person’s natural ways of acting, adapting, engaging, and growing in context. For the latest, the person’s adaptive profile will be needed.		Please note that this typological representation is effective for analyzing an organization’s dynamics. But it is invalid for understanding a person’s natural ways of acting, adapting, engaging, and growing in context. For the latest, the person’s adaptive profile will be needed.

Flc: /* Factor 2’s Intensity */

2026-02-21T23:10:44Z

Factor 2’s Intensity

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:10, 21 February 2026
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	=Factor 2’s Intensity=		=Factor 2’s Intensity=
	The measurement scale shown below and above the factor is the standard deviation (also called sigma). The distance from the middle, the average, makes the behavior more pronounced in either direction: The further Factor 2 is from the average, the more intense and frequent the behavior, strength, and motivation indicated below. People whose Factor 2 is on average will show a neutral tendency or no inclination toward either side. The factor will be analyzed alongside the three others.		The measurement scale shown below and above the factor is the standard deviation (also called sigma). The distance from the middle, the average, makes the behavior more pronounced in either direction: The further Factor 2 is from the average, the more intense and frequent the behavior, strength, and motivation indicated below. People whose Factor 2 is on average will show a neutral tendency or no inclination toward either side. The factor will be analyzed alongside the three others.
	[[File:~~Factor_4_Continuum~~.png\|center\|600px]]		[[File:Factor_2_Continuum.png\|center\|600px]]

	=Factor 2 Labeled With a Number=		=Factor 2 Labeled With a Number=