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The 16PF is a personality assessment developed by R.B. Cattell. Its first version was published in 1949, followed by subsequent versions in 1956, 1962, and 1968. A fifth version, the 16PF5, was published in 1993 and is still used today. The assessment has been translated into many languages and there are plenty of psychometric studies available on it. | The 16PF is a personality assessment developed by R.B. Cattell. Its first version was published in 1949, followed by subsequent versions in 1956, 1962, and 1968. A fifth version, the 16PF5, was published in 1993 and is still used today. The assessment has been translated into many languages and there are plenty of psychometric studies available on it. | ||
Taking the 16PF takes over an hour and it's mainly used by psychologists in counseling | Taking the 16PF takes over an hour and it's mainly used by psychologists in counseling, and clinical situations. The 16PF5 version added five new dimensions (EX, AX, TM, IN, SC) to keep up with BIG5 research. The 16+5 dimensions measured by the 16PF are listed in the table below. | ||
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The 16PF is a personality test that was created by R. Cattell before the advent of computers and software. The test is based on 16 factors that were identified through factorial analysis. However, in the 1990s, Digman conducted a similar analysis and found only 7 factors, which led to doubts about the validity of the 16PF. Later, the 16PF5 version was developed, which was more consistent, theoretically sound, and in line with recent research on the BIG5. | The 16PF is a personality test that was created by R. Cattell before the advent of computers and software. The test is based on 16 factors that were identified through factorial analysis. However, in the 1990s, Digman conducted a similar analysis and found only 7 factors, which led to doubts about the validity of the 16PF. Later, the 16PF5 version was developed, which was more consistent, theoretically sound, and in line with recent research on the BIG5. | ||
The 16PF is mainly used in clinical settings rather than for organizational purposes. It was popular among psychologists during the 1970s and 1980s, but its popularity declined in the late 1990s in favor of newer tests based on the BIG5 approach, such as the NEO-PI or the FFM. The popularity of the 16PF may have been due to the reputation of its author, who was a renowned researcher as well as an active writer and speaker. | The 16PF is mainly used in clinical settings rather than for organizational purposes. It was popular among psychologists during the 1970s and 1980s, but its popularity declined in the late 1990s in favor of newer tests based on the BIG5 approach, such as the NEO-PI or the FFM. The popularity of the 16PF may have been due to the reputation of its author, who was a renowned researcher as well as an active writer and speaker. His last publication, "Beyondism: Religion from Science," and his approach to eugenism tarnished his work and reputation. | ||
The 16PF has influenced the development of many other tests, such as the Guilford Zimmerman Temperament Survey (GZTS). Other tests like OPQ or HPI, which have a large number of items and measure more than a dozen traits, | The 16PF has influenced the development of many other tests, such as the Guilford Zimmerman Temperament Survey (GZTS). Other tests like OPQ or HPI, which have a large number of items to score and measure more than a dozen traits, are comparable to the 16PF. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
More on the 16PF in encyclopedia.com: | More on Catell and the 16PF in encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/medicine/psychology-and-psychiatry-biographies/raymond-bernard-cattell | ||
More on the 16PF in Google Scholar: http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=16PF&btnG=Search | More on the 16PF in Google Scholar: http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=16PF&btnG=Search | ||
Latest revision as of 19:27, 25 January 2024
Generalities
The 16PF is a personality assessment developed by R.B. Cattell. Its first version was published in 1949, followed by subsequent versions in 1956, 1962, and 1968. A fifth version, the 16PF5, was published in 1993 and is still used today. The assessment has been translated into many languages and there are plenty of psychometric studies available on it.
Taking the 16PF takes over an hour and it's mainly used by psychologists in counseling, and clinical situations. The 16PF5 version added five new dimensions (EX, AX, TM, IN, SC) to keep up with BIG5 research. The 16+5 dimensions measured by the 16PF are listed in the table below.
| Factor | Title | Low | High |
|---|---|---|---|
| Factor A | Warmth | Reserved, Distant | Warm, Outgoing |
| Factor B | Reasoning | Concrete | Abstract |
| Factor C | Emotional Stability | Reactive | Adaptive |
| Factor E | Dominance | Deferential, Cooperative | Assertive, Dominant |
| Factor F | Liveliness | Serious, Restrained | Animated, Spontaneous |
| Factor G | Rule-Consciousness | Expedient, Nonconforming | Rule-conscious, Dutiful |
| Factor H | Social Boldness | Threat sensitive, Timid | Venturesome, Think-skinned |
| Factor I | Sensitivity | Utilitarian, Objective | Sensitive, Sentimental |
| Factor L | Vigilance | Trusting, Unsuspecting | Skeptical, Wary |
| Factor M | Abstractedness | Grounded, Practical | Imaginative, Idea-oriented |
| Factor N | Privateness | Forthright, Genuine | Discreet, Non-disclosing |
| Factor O | Self-assured, Complacent | Worried, Self-doubting | |
| Factor Q1 | Openness to change | Traditional, Attached to familiar | Experimenting |
| Factor Q2 | Self-reliance | Group-oriented | Solitary, Individualistic |
| Factor Q3 | Perfectionism | Unexacting, Flexible | Organized, Self-disciplined |
| Factor Q4 | Tension | High-energy, Impatient | |
| Factor EX | Extraversion | Socially inhibited | Socially participating |
| Factor AX | Anxiety | Low Anxiety, unperturbed | High anxiety |
| Factor TM | Tough minded | Receptive, intuitive | Resolute, un-empathetic |
| Factor IN | Independence | Agreeable, Selfless | persuasive, Willful |
| Factor SC | Self-control | Unrestrained, follows urges | Inhibit urges |
Comments
The 16PF is a personality test that was created by R. Cattell before the advent of computers and software. The test is based on 16 factors that were identified through factorial analysis. However, in the 1990s, Digman conducted a similar analysis and found only 7 factors, which led to doubts about the validity of the 16PF. Later, the 16PF5 version was developed, which was more consistent, theoretically sound, and in line with recent research on the BIG5.
The 16PF is mainly used in clinical settings rather than for organizational purposes. It was popular among psychologists during the 1970s and 1980s, but its popularity declined in the late 1990s in favor of newer tests based on the BIG5 approach, such as the NEO-PI or the FFM. The popularity of the 16PF may have been due to the reputation of its author, who was a renowned researcher as well as an active writer and speaker. His last publication, "Beyondism: Religion from Science," and his approach to eugenism tarnished his work and reputation.
The 16PF has influenced the development of many other tests, such as the Guilford Zimmerman Temperament Survey (GZTS). Other tests like OPQ or HPI, which have a large number of items to score and measure more than a dozen traits, are comparable to the 16PF.
References
More on Catell and the 16PF in encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/medicine/psychology-and-psychiatry-biographies/raymond-bernard-cattell
More on the 16PF in Google Scholar: http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=16PF&btnG=Search
More details about the critique of the 16PF in : Digman, J. M. (1996). The curious history of the five-factor model. In J. S. Wiggins (Ed.), The five-factor model of personality: Theoretical perspectives (pp. 1-20). New York, NY: Guilford Press. ISBN: 9781572300682.